2013年12月26日星期四
2013年6月23日星期日
如何使用LinkedIn的“公司主页”来做推广
或许你已经使用过LinkedIn一段时间。你通过“个人主页”与其他志同道合的商务人士进行私人交流。但是你知道吗？LinkedIn有“公司主页”，你也可以通过它来提升你的工作业绩。（根据LinkedIn在自己网站上公布的数据显示）有超过九千万的会员在LinkedIn网站中拥有公司简介的页面，这是一种有效联系潜在客户的途径。
在本文中，我将告诉你如何利用LinkedIn 的公司主页来提升你的自由职业业绩。
使用LinkedIn的公司主页
LinkedIn的公司主页操作简单，它让你能够：
针对你的产品和服务创建个人页面
创建图片幻灯片，并添加公司网址的链接
嵌入YouTube视频
刊登工作信息（付费服务）
查看并分析关注过公司主页的访客
访客可以在查看你个人主页时，通过点击公司列表旁的图标，跳转到你的公司主页
创建你自己的公司主页
通过以下几个步骤来为你的自由职业事业创建一个公司主页
步骤一：登陆你的LinkedIn 的个人主页。在顶部的导航栏，点击“公司”图标，然后在右侧点击“添加新公司”。
步骤二：添加公司信息。在“添加新公司”页面，将会有提示，指引你添加公司注册名以及公司的电子邮件地址。注册时，不能只添加一个网页电子邮箱地址，同时你必须是这家公司的正式代表
步骤三：确认。一旦你提交了你的注册信息，你将会收到一封确认函。确认该邮件并跟踪链接回到你的公司主页。
现在你就可以使用标签选项卡来让你的页面更符合客户要求
使用“概述”选项卡
通过“概述”选项卡来开始做定制
在概述页面的右上角，点击“编辑”为你的页面添加新信息。这些都是特别直观的信息。在该页面，你可以添加：
公司商标
公司简介
公司产品/服务特色
员工人数
公司网址
公司所属行业领域
公司成立时间
公司地址
公司的Twitter账号
RSS源（如果有的话）
在提交完信息后，点击“发布”，保存并发布信息。
使用“职业”选项卡
在公司主页中，LinkedIn可以让你在“职业”选项卡内发布工作信息。从发布之日起，在30日内需要支付$195的信息费用。填写指示表格并发布信息。
发布消息之后 ，LinkedIn会显示出你在它的整个网站范围内，哪些人与你从事的领域相同，并符合你的职位要求。你可以通过付费来获得这些相符者的信息或只发布这些工作信息。填写账单信息，你的工作列表信息将会发布在公司主页中的“职业”选项卡。
使用“服务”选项卡
以下才是你真正开始在LinkedIn上宣传公司的地方。服务页面允许你添加公司提供的各类产品及服务。
下面是一些有用的步骤：
服务步骤一：添加你的信息
在服务选项卡内，点击“编辑”按钮并编辑该页面的主要内容。输入公司的名称和对公司的简介。简介页面的公司商标也会在该页面的公司简介旁显示。
接下来，你可以为你的页面创建最多三个图片或文本幻灯片滑块，这样可以使你的服务页面更加生动。图片的清晰度要求是640 x 220 像素。每张图片上可以添加链接。比如说，我在公司主页创建了图片控件，它主要描述了我公司提供的三大服务，并将每个图片链接到我公司网站的相应页面。把你公司要提供的服务可视化地表现出来，同时吸引潜在客户访问你的网站，这是一种有效的途径。
如果你有一些YouTube的视频信息，它们对你公司及所提供服务进行了描述说明，你也可以将其添加在该页面。在右手边的一栏，输入你要搜索的视频的名称，然后将找到的链接，复制到该视频资源对应的链接地址栏。
再回到页面顶部，点击“发布”保存所做更改，页面信息会变得生动。
服务步骤二：添加产品和服务信息
要添加产品和服务信息，你可以在右上角点击“添加产品或服务”按钮。在该页面，你能够：
添加某一产品或服务
为你的产品或服务选择最合适的类别
命名新加的服务或产品，并添加相应的缩略图图片
添加内容描述以及产品或服务的主要特征
为用户添加链接以跟踪网站信息
指定某一员工负责该产品或服务
为该产品或服务添加（推出）促销活动或优惠服务
针对该产品添加特定的YouTube视频资源
你可以根据不同客户资料的内容来创建不同版本的页面。例如，你可以针对美国客户创建适合适合他们的页面，也可以针对加拿大客户创建不同版本的页面。如果你创建“默认”版本，你需要在下面从新点击“新客户”并创建不同版本的页面。给你的目标客户命名，并选择他们的特点属性，然后点击“保存并退出”。接下来再编辑你的目标客户页面。
使用“数据分析”选项卡
“公司主页”中的第四也是最后一个选项卡是数据分析页面。
http://www.linkedin.com/company/tolo-lighting-optic-electirc-co-ltd?trk=company_logo
在本文中，我将告诉你如何利用LinkedIn 的公司主页来提升你的自由职业业绩。
使用LinkedIn的公司主页
LinkedIn的公司主页操作简单，它让你能够：
针对你的产品和服务创建个人页面
创建图片幻灯片，并添加公司网址的链接
嵌入YouTube视频
刊登工作信息（付费服务）
查看并分析关注过公司主页的访客
访客可以在查看你个人主页时，通过点击公司列表旁的图标，跳转到你的公司主页
创建你自己的公司主页
通过以下几个步骤来为你的自由职业事业创建一个公司主页
步骤一：登陆你的LinkedIn 的个人主页。在顶部的导航栏，点击“公司”图标，然后在右侧点击“添加新公司”。
步骤二：添加公司信息。在“添加新公司”页面，将会有提示，指引你添加公司注册名以及公司的电子邮件地址。注册时，不能只添加一个网页电子邮箱地址，同时你必须是这家公司的正式代表
步骤三：确认。一旦你提交了你的注册信息，你将会收到一封确认函。确认该邮件并跟踪链接回到你的公司主页。
现在你就可以使用标签选项卡来让你的页面更符合客户要求
使用“概述”选项卡
通过“概述”选项卡来开始做定制
在概述页面的右上角，点击“编辑”为你的页面添加新信息。这些都是特别直观的信息。在该页面，你可以添加：
公司商标
公司简介
公司产品/服务特色
员工人数
公司网址
公司所属行业领域
公司成立时间
公司地址
公司的Twitter账号
RSS源（如果有的话）
在提交完信息后，点击“发布”，保存并发布信息。
使用“职业”选项卡
在公司主页中，LinkedIn可以让你在“职业”选项卡内发布工作信息。从发布之日起，在30日内需要支付$195的信息费用。填写指示表格并发布信息。
发布消息之后 ，LinkedIn会显示出你在它的整个网站范围内，哪些人与你从事的领域相同，并符合你的职位要求。你可以通过付费来获得这些相符者的信息或只发布这些工作信息。填写账单信息，你的工作列表信息将会发布在公司主页中的“职业”选项卡。
使用“服务”选项卡
以下才是你真正开始在LinkedIn上宣传公司的地方。服务页面允许你添加公司提供的各类产品及服务。
下面是一些有用的步骤：
服务步骤一：添加你的信息
在服务选项卡内，点击“编辑”按钮并编辑该页面的主要内容。输入公司的名称和对公司的简介。简介页面的公司商标也会在该页面的公司简介旁显示。
接下来，你可以为你的页面创建最多三个图片或文本幻灯片滑块，这样可以使你的服务页面更加生动。图片的清晰度要求是640 x 220 像素。每张图片上可以添加链接。比如说，我在公司主页创建了图片控件，它主要描述了我公司提供的三大服务，并将每个图片链接到我公司网站的相应页面。把你公司要提供的服务可视化地表现出来，同时吸引潜在客户访问你的网站，这是一种有效的途径。
如果你有一些YouTube的视频信息，它们对你公司及所提供服务进行了描述说明，你也可以将其添加在该页面。在右手边的一栏，输入你要搜索的视频的名称，然后将找到的链接，复制到该视频资源对应的链接地址栏。
再回到页面顶部，点击“发布”保存所做更改，页面信息会变得生动。
服务步骤二：添加产品和服务信息
要添加产品和服务信息，你可以在右上角点击“添加产品或服务”按钮。在该页面，你能够：
添加某一产品或服务
为你的产品或服务选择最合适的类别
命名新加的服务或产品，并添加相应的缩略图图片
添加内容描述以及产品或服务的主要特征
为用户添加链接以跟踪网站信息
指定某一员工负责该产品或服务
为该产品或服务添加（推出）促销活动或优惠服务
针对该产品添加特定的YouTube视频资源
你可以根据不同客户资料的内容来创建不同版本的页面。例如，你可以针对美国客户创建适合适合他们的页面，也可以针对加拿大客户创建不同版本的页面。如果你创建“默认”版本，你需要在下面从新点击“新客户”并创建不同版本的页面。给你的目标客户命名，并选择他们的特点属性，然后点击“保存并退出”。接下来再编辑你的目标客户页面。
使用“数据分析”选项卡
“公司主页”中的第四也是最后一个选项卡是数据分析页面。
http://www.linkedin.com/company/tolo-lighting-optic-electirc-co-ltd?trk=company_logo
2013年6月15日星期六
LED Light Bulbs Buying Guide
LED Light Bulbs Buying Guide
Long Lsting,energy efficient lighting for your home.
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a solid state semiconductor that emits light when a current passes through it. LED bulbs can be used in many common fixtures in your home, including accent lighting, track lighting, room lighting and outdoor spotlights. They offer many unique money and energy-saving benefits over traditional light bulbs. LED bulbs:
Have an exceptionally long lifespan. They can last up to 5 times longer than compact fluorescent (CFL) bulbs and much longer than traditional incandescents. A typical LED light that burns 8 hours a day can last about 17 years before it needs changing, making LED bulbs an ideal choice for hard-to-reach lights.
Have no filament or moving parts, making them extremely durable and low maintenance.
Generate almost no heat or UV rays, which can help reduce air conditioning costs in your home and help keep fabrics and furnishings from fading.
Provide greater energy savings by using up to 80% less energy to produce the same amount of brightness as that of CFLs and incandescent bulbs.
While LED home lighting may require a higher initial investment, their longevity, low maintenance and significant cost savings make LED bulbs a purchase that can pay for itself over time. This buying guide will explain what to look for when selecting an LED bulb, so you can feel confident you’re selecting the right LED lighting for your home.
Factors to Consider
Shape – Flood, Spotlights, Candle, A-Line
Brightness & Energy Efficiency – Wattage and Lumens
Color Temperature – Soft or Bright White Light
Base Configuration – Screw-in or Pin Base
Shape
Candle bulbs emulate the shape of a candle flame and work in multiples to provide ambient and accent lighting. They are for use in decorative lighting fixtures, including:
· Wall sconces
· Decorative fixtures
Globe bulbs disperse light at a wide angle and are ideal for fixtures used to spread light throughout the room. LED A-line bulbs are a good choice for:
· Room area lighting
· Reading lamps
· Hallways
The next step in selecting your LED bulbs is to maximize energy savings by getting the most light using the least amount of energy.
Brightness & Energy Efficiency
LED lights use far less energy to provide the same amount of light as CFL and incandescent bulbs. Lumens per watt is a way of identifying how much light a bulb provides compared to the amount of energy, or wattage, used. The amount of light the bulb gives off is measured in lumens. The amount of energy a bulb uses is measured in wattage. To choose the most energy efficient light bulb, check the lumens-to-watts ratio on the bulb’s packaging—the greater the lumens-to-watts ratio, the more energy efficiency the bulb provides. You can determine this ratio yourself by dividing the lumens produced by the amount of watts the bulb requires.
Refer to the table below for a comparison of lumens and watts ratings for incandescent, CFL and LED bulbs.
Once you know the brightness and wattage for the LED you need, the next step is to select a bulb that generates the color or light that works best for the bulb’s application.
Color Temperature
LED bulbs provide white light in various shades, from bright white, like a blue-tinted fluorescent tube, to soft white, like a yellow-tinted incandescent light. A good rule of thumb is to use soft white lights indoors and bright white lights outdoors.
The type and shade of the light is measured in a temperature rating known as Kelvin (K). The higher the K temperature, the brighter the shade of white light produced.
Refer to the chart below to determine the K temperature and color you prefer.
LED bulbs also provide very good color rendering, which is the ability of a bulb to show the true color of objects. This is measured on a scale of zero to 100, with 100 being the best. LEDs offer as much as 85 on this scale.
In addition to shades of white, LED bulbs are also available in a variety of colors:
Once you know the color of light you need, the next step is to select a bulb that fits in the fixture in which it will function.
Base Configuration
As with incandescent bulbs, it’s essential when you’re shopping for LEDs to determine the bulb base size you need. If you’re going to the store, it’s a good idea to bring the bulb you’re replacing along with you, so you can match the base sizes. Most common household fixtures have pin or Edison, also known as screw-in, bases. Types of Edison bases include:
Miniature Candelabra – A small bulb base, frequently used in chandeliers
Candelabra – A slightly larger bulb base, used in chandeliers, light sconces and other small fixtures
Intermediate – A bulb base between the candelabra and medium sizes, commonly used in ceiling fans
Medium – The bulb base design for standard light bulbs, used in most lamps and overhead light fixtures
Bi-pin – A standard base for small light bulbs.
Features to Consider
Remote Controls – LED bulbs with remote controls provide convenience and eliminate the need for dimmers.
Warranty – Many LED bulbs come with a warranty covering replacement costs if the bulb malfunctions.
Long Lsting,energy efficient lighting for your home.
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a solid state semiconductor that emits light when a current passes through it. LED bulbs can be used in many common fixtures in your home, including accent lighting, track lighting, room lighting and outdoor spotlights. They offer many unique money and energy-saving benefits over traditional light bulbs. LED bulbs:
Have an exceptionally long lifespan. They can last up to 5 times longer than compact fluorescent (CFL) bulbs and much longer than traditional incandescents. A typical LED light that burns 8 hours a day can last about 17 years before it needs changing, making LED bulbs an ideal choice for hard-to-reach lights.
Have no filament or moving parts, making them extremely durable and low maintenance.
Generate almost no heat or UV rays, which can help reduce air conditioning costs in your home and help keep fabrics and furnishings from fading.
Provide greater energy savings by using up to 80% less energy to produce the same amount of brightness as that of CFLs and incandescent bulbs.
While LED home lighting may require a higher initial investment, their longevity, low maintenance and significant cost savings make LED bulbs a purchase that can pay for itself over time. This buying guide will explain what to look for when selecting an LED bulb, so you can feel confident you’re selecting the right LED lighting for your home.
Factors to Consider
Shape – Flood, Spotlights, Candle, A-Line
Brightness & Energy Efficiency – Wattage and Lumens
Color Temperature – Soft or Bright White Light
Base Configuration – Screw-in or Pin Base
Shape
Candle bulbs emulate the shape of a candle flame and work in multiples to provide ambient and accent lighting. They are for use in decorative lighting fixtures, including:
· Wall sconces
· Decorative fixtures
· Room area lighting
· Reading lamps
· Hallways
Brightness & Energy Efficiency
LED lights use far less energy to provide the same amount of light as CFL and incandescent bulbs. Lumens per watt is a way of identifying how much light a bulb provides compared to the amount of energy, or wattage, used. The amount of light the bulb gives off is measured in lumens. The amount of energy a bulb uses is measured in wattage. To choose the most energy efficient light bulb, check the lumens-to-watts ratio on the bulb’s packaging—the greater the lumens-to-watts ratio, the more energy efficiency the bulb provides. You can determine this ratio yourself by dividing the lumens produced by the amount of watts the bulb requires.
Refer to the table below for a comparison of lumens and watts ratings for incandescent, CFL and LED bulbs.
Once you know the brightness and wattage for the LED you need, the next step is to select a bulb that generates the color or light that works best for the bulb’s application.
Color Temperature
LED bulbs provide white light in various shades, from bright white, like a blue-tinted fluorescent tube, to soft white, like a yellow-tinted incandescent light. A good rule of thumb is to use soft white lights indoors and bright white lights outdoors.
The type and shade of the light is measured in a temperature rating known as Kelvin (K). The higher the K temperature, the brighter the shade of white light produced.
Refer to the chart below to determine the K temperature and color you prefer.
LED bulbs also provide very good color rendering, which is the ability of a bulb to show the true color of objects. This is measured on a scale of zero to 100, with 100 being the best. LEDs offer as much as 85 on this scale.
In addition to shades of white, LED bulbs are also available in a variety of colors:
Once you know the color of light you need, the next step is to select a bulb that fits in the fixture in which it will function.
Base Configuration
As with incandescent bulbs, it’s essential when you’re shopping for LEDs to determine the bulb base size you need. If you’re going to the store, it’s a good idea to bring the bulb you’re replacing along with you, so you can match the base sizes. Most common household fixtures have pin or Edison, also known as screw-in, bases. Types of Edison bases include:
Miniature Candelabra – A small bulb base, frequently used in chandeliers
Candelabra – A slightly larger bulb base, used in chandeliers, light sconces and other small fixtures
Intermediate – A bulb base between the candelabra and medium sizes, commonly used in ceiling fans
Medium – The bulb base design for standard light bulbs, used in most lamps and overhead light fixtures
Bi-pin – A standard base for small light bulbs.
Features to Consider
Remote Controls – LED bulbs with remote controls provide convenience and eliminate the need for dimmers.
Warranty – Many LED bulbs come with a warranty covering replacement costs if the bulb malfunctions.
How to choose the right led candle light bulb
Bulbs vary by their type of technology, the amount of light they produce, the amount of energy they use, and the color of the light they emit. Here’s what you need to know to understand the different choices and choose the bulb that’s right for your fixture and your needs.
Choose the correct bulb wattage
When you buy any lighting fixture, check the maximum wattage it will take. A bulb with too high a wattage can produce excess heat that can create a fire hazard or damage the fixture. Remember, wattage is the indication of how much power a bulb consumes, not the amount of light it generates. New U.S. packaging rules will make it easier to choose the light bulb that’s most efficient.
Efficiency ratings for bulbs
The U.S. Federal Trade Commission is requiring manufacturers of incandescent, compact fluorescent, and LED light bulbs to use new labeling on consumer packaging by mid-2011 to help consumers choose the most efficient bulbs for their needs.
For the first time, the label on the front of the package will emphasize the bulb’s brightness as measured in lumens, rather than a measurement of watts.
“While watt measurements are familiar to consumers and have been featured on the front of light bulb packages for decades, watts are a measurement of energy use, not brightness,” stated the FTC in its press release. “As a result, reliance on watt measurements alone make it difficult for consumers to compare traditional incandescent bulbs to more efficient bulbs, such as compact fluorescents.”
The new front-of-package labels also will include the estimated yearly energy cost for the particular type of bulb.
The back of each package will have a “Lighting Facts” label modeled after the “Nutrition Facts” label that is currently on food packages. The Lighting Facts label will provide information about:
Brightness
Energy cost
Life expectancy
Light appearance (for example, “warm” or “cool”)
Wattage
Mercury content
The bulb’s brightness, measured in lumens, and a disclosure for bulbs containing mercury will also be printed on each bulb.
Light sources – the different types of bulbs
Incandescent
Incandescent bulbs are the original type of bulb as designed by Thomas Edison. They produce light when an electric current passes through a filament and causes it to glow. Inexpensive and widely available, they are the most commonly used bulbs today, but are being replaced by more energy efficient choices.
Incandescent bulbs vary from 15 to 150 watts and produce a soft yellow-white light, emitted in all directions. Newer versions are available that produce a more neutral, white light color. Incandescent bulbs are available in a variety of shapes and sizes, with clear, frosted, or colored glass.
While they are less energy efficient than other light sources, incandescent bulbs are good for standard ambient lighting and for task lighting that demands high levels of brightness.
Beginning in 2012, the U.S. Energy and Independence Act of 2007 will require most incandescent bulbs to produce the same amount of light using less wattage.
General service incandescent bulbs are the inexpensive, readily available and what most of us think of when we hear the words “light bulb.” There are three basic shapes: General (traditional shape), Globe (round), and Decorative (flame, teardrop, etc.).
Reflectorized incandescent bulbs have a reflective coating inside the bulb that directs the light in one direction rather than all around. Reflector bulbs put approximately double the amount of light (foot-candles) on the subject as General Service of same wattage.
Parabolic Reflector Bulbs (PAR) control light more precisely and accurately. They direct approximately four times the light of General Service and are used in recessed and track lighting. Some feature a weatherproof casing that makes them suitable for outdoor spot and flood fixtures.
Halogen bulbs
Halogen bulbs producing a bright, white light, that comes closer to replicating the color spectrum of the midday sun than incandescent bulbs. Halogens bulbs have a longer life and provide more light (lumens) per watt than regular incandescent bulbs. Their small size and intensity make halogens great for task lighting.
Since halogen bulbs burn hotter than other types, they require more caution. All halogen lamps sold in the U.S. today have approved safety shields to reduce fire risk.
When changing a halogen, be sure to wait until the bulb cools to the touch. Always use a clean rag to handle a halogen bulb, as oils from your hand will cause the bulb to burn hotter and can greatly reduce the life of your bulb.
Halogen bulbs are available in two types: line voltage (120 watt) and low voltage (12 volt).
Line voltage (120 volt) halogen bulb types
PAR 16, 20, 30 and 38 reflectorized bulbs provide better beam control than regular incandescent PAR bulbs. They are available in numerous spot and flood beam spreads and are used in track, recessed & outdoor spot and floodlights.
T-3 double-ended bulbs are available in a variety of base types and are used in wall sconces, torchieres and outdoor floodlights. The fixture controls the direction of the light.
T-4 single-ended bulbs come in both “mini-can” and “bayonet” base types and are used in wall sconces, bath brackets, torchieres and pendants. The direction of the light is controlled by the fixture.
Low voltage (12 volt) halogen bulb types
MR8, MR11, and MR16 (mini-reflectors) provide excellent beam control, and their miniature size allows them to be used in smaller track and recessed fixtures. They are also used in outdoor landscape accent lighting fixtures.
PAR36 bulbs provide superior beam control, especially over long distances. They are used in track, recessed and outdoor landscape accent fixtures.
T-4 bi-pin bulbs are miniature bulbs used in pendants, halogen desk lamps and linear, low-voltage track systems. They are widely used in cove lighting and under cabinet lighting.
Xenon bulbs
Xenon bulbs have a white light similar to that of halogen but have a much longer life rating, some up to 20,000 hours, much like fluorescent. They operate at lower temperatures than halogen. These miniature bulbs are popular for strip, under-cabinet and cove lighting applications. Xenon incandescent bulbs include rigid-loop, festoon and wedge base bulb designs.
Fluorescent
Fluorescents use 20-40% less electricity and can last up to 20 times longer than incandescent bulbs.
Screw-in Compact Fluorescents (CFLs) can be used in place of incandescent bulbs in standard lamp sockets, and today’s fluorescent bulbs can produce warm tones of light similar to those of incandescents.
If switching to a CFL from incandescent, be certain that the CFL bulb will fit in the fixture and that the bulb itself will not protrude from the shade, glass, or recessed fixture. If you want to use fluorescents with a dimmer, you must look for fluorescent bulbs labeled “dimmable.”
Because fluorescent bulbs contain mercury, it is important to dispose of them properly.
Fluorescents produce light when an electric arc passes between cathodes to excite mercury and other gases, producing radiant energy that is then converted to visible light by a phosphor coating that lines the inside of the bulb. The larger ceiling fixtures that use long fluorescent tubes have electronic ballasts that allows them to turn on instantly and operate without hum.
LED (Light Emitting Diodes)
An LED is a semiconductor chip embedded in a plastic capsule. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) produce light when voltage is applied to negatively charged semiconductors, causing electrons to combine and create a unit light. Because they are small, several LEDs are sometimes combined to produce a single light bulb.
LEDs have been popular in under-cabinet strips and some types of downlights, but with recent technological advances, they are being developed for more applications in the home.
In general, LED lighting is vastly more efficient and longer lasting than any other type of light source. To ensure that you are buying an LED bulb with high-quality color and energy efficiency that is as good or better than fluorescent bulbs, look for the ENERGY STAR symbol.
High-Intensity Discharge
High-Intensity Discharge (HID) bulbs produce light when an arc passes between cathodes in a pressurized tube, causing metallic additives to vaporize. They have long lives and are extremely energy-efficient. However, with the exception of metal halides, they do not produce pleasing light colors. In residential settings, HIDs are most often used for outdoor security and area lighting.
There are four types of HIDs, Metal Halide, High-Pressure, Sodium Low-Pressure, and Sodium Mercury Vapor.
Choose the correct bulb wattage
When you buy any lighting fixture, check the maximum wattage it will take. A bulb with too high a wattage can produce excess heat that can create a fire hazard or damage the fixture. Remember, wattage is the indication of how much power a bulb consumes, not the amount of light it generates. New U.S. packaging rules will make it easier to choose the light bulb that’s most efficient.
Efficiency ratings for bulbs
The U.S. Federal Trade Commission is requiring manufacturers of incandescent, compact fluorescent, and LED light bulbs to use new labeling on consumer packaging by mid-2011 to help consumers choose the most efficient bulbs for their needs.
For the first time, the label on the front of the package will emphasize the bulb’s brightness as measured in lumens, rather than a measurement of watts.
“While watt measurements are familiar to consumers and have been featured on the front of light bulb packages for decades, watts are a measurement of energy use, not brightness,” stated the FTC in its press release. “As a result, reliance on watt measurements alone make it difficult for consumers to compare traditional incandescent bulbs to more efficient bulbs, such as compact fluorescents.”
The new front-of-package labels also will include the estimated yearly energy cost for the particular type of bulb.
The back of each package will have a “Lighting Facts” label modeled after the “Nutrition Facts” label that is currently on food packages. The Lighting Facts label will provide information about:
Brightness
Energy cost
Life expectancy
Light appearance (for example, “warm” or “cool”)
Wattage
Mercury content
The bulb’s brightness, measured in lumens, and a disclosure for bulbs containing mercury will also be printed on each bulb.
Light sources – the different types of bulbs
Incandescent
Incandescent bulbs are the original type of bulb as designed by Thomas Edison. They produce light when an electric current passes through a filament and causes it to glow. Inexpensive and widely available, they are the most commonly used bulbs today, but are being replaced by more energy efficient choices.
Incandescent bulbs vary from 15 to 150 watts and produce a soft yellow-white light, emitted in all directions. Newer versions are available that produce a more neutral, white light color. Incandescent bulbs are available in a variety of shapes and sizes, with clear, frosted, or colored glass.
While they are less energy efficient than other light sources, incandescent bulbs are good for standard ambient lighting and for task lighting that demands high levels of brightness.
Beginning in 2012, the U.S. Energy and Independence Act of 2007 will require most incandescent bulbs to produce the same amount of light using less wattage.
General service incandescent bulbs are the inexpensive, readily available and what most of us think of when we hear the words “light bulb.” There are three basic shapes: General (traditional shape), Globe (round), and Decorative (flame, teardrop, etc.).
Reflectorized incandescent bulbs have a reflective coating inside the bulb that directs the light in one direction rather than all around. Reflector bulbs put approximately double the amount of light (foot-candles) on the subject as General Service of same wattage.
Parabolic Reflector Bulbs (PAR) control light more precisely and accurately. They direct approximately four times the light of General Service and are used in recessed and track lighting. Some feature a weatherproof casing that makes them suitable for outdoor spot and flood fixtures.
Halogen bulbs
Halogen bulbs producing a bright, white light, that comes closer to replicating the color spectrum of the midday sun than incandescent bulbs. Halogens bulbs have a longer life and provide more light (lumens) per watt than regular incandescent bulbs. Their small size and intensity make halogens great for task lighting.
Since halogen bulbs burn hotter than other types, they require more caution. All halogen lamps sold in the U.S. today have approved safety shields to reduce fire risk.
When changing a halogen, be sure to wait until the bulb cools to the touch. Always use a clean rag to handle a halogen bulb, as oils from your hand will cause the bulb to burn hotter and can greatly reduce the life of your bulb.
Halogen bulbs are available in two types: line voltage (120 watt) and low voltage (12 volt).
Line voltage (120 volt) halogen bulb types
PAR 16, 20, 30 and 38 reflectorized bulbs provide better beam control than regular incandescent PAR bulbs. They are available in numerous spot and flood beam spreads and are used in track, recessed & outdoor spot and floodlights.
T-3 double-ended bulbs are available in a variety of base types and are used in wall sconces, torchieres and outdoor floodlights. The fixture controls the direction of the light.
T-4 single-ended bulbs come in both “mini-can” and “bayonet” base types and are used in wall sconces, bath brackets, torchieres and pendants. The direction of the light is controlled by the fixture.
Low voltage (12 volt) halogen bulb types
MR8, MR11, and MR16 (mini-reflectors) provide excellent beam control, and their miniature size allows them to be used in smaller track and recessed fixtures. They are also used in outdoor landscape accent lighting fixtures.
PAR36 bulbs provide superior beam control, especially over long distances. They are used in track, recessed and outdoor landscape accent fixtures.
T-4 bi-pin bulbs are miniature bulbs used in pendants, halogen desk lamps and linear, low-voltage track systems. They are widely used in cove lighting and under cabinet lighting.
Xenon bulbs
Xenon bulbs have a white light similar to that of halogen but have a much longer life rating, some up to 20,000 hours, much like fluorescent. They operate at lower temperatures than halogen. These miniature bulbs are popular for strip, under-cabinet and cove lighting applications. Xenon incandescent bulbs include rigid-loop, festoon and wedge base bulb designs.
Fluorescent
Fluorescents use 20-40% less electricity and can last up to 20 times longer than incandescent bulbs.
Screw-in Compact Fluorescents (CFLs) can be used in place of incandescent bulbs in standard lamp sockets, and today’s fluorescent bulbs can produce warm tones of light similar to those of incandescents.
If switching to a CFL from incandescent, be certain that the CFL bulb will fit in the fixture and that the bulb itself will not protrude from the shade, glass, or recessed fixture. If you want to use fluorescents with a dimmer, you must look for fluorescent bulbs labeled “dimmable.”
Because fluorescent bulbs contain mercury, it is important to dispose of them properly.
Fluorescents produce light when an electric arc passes between cathodes to excite mercury and other gases, producing radiant energy that is then converted to visible light by a phosphor coating that lines the inside of the bulb. The larger ceiling fixtures that use long fluorescent tubes have electronic ballasts that allows them to turn on instantly and operate without hum.
LED (Light Emitting Diodes)
An LED is a semiconductor chip embedded in a plastic capsule. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) produce light when voltage is applied to negatively charged semiconductors, causing electrons to combine and create a unit light. Because they are small, several LEDs are sometimes combined to produce a single light bulb.
LEDs have been popular in under-cabinet strips and some types of downlights, but with recent technological advances, they are being developed for more applications in the home.
In general, LED lighting is vastly more efficient and longer lasting than any other type of light source. To ensure that you are buying an LED bulb with high-quality color and energy efficiency that is as good or better than fluorescent bulbs, look for the ENERGY STAR symbol.
High-Intensity Discharge
High-Intensity Discharge (HID) bulbs produce light when an arc passes between cathodes in a pressurized tube, causing metallic additives to vaporize. They have long lives and are extremely energy-efficient. However, with the exception of metal halides, they do not produce pleasing light colors. In residential settings, HIDs are most often used for outdoor security and area lighting.
There are four types of HIDs, Metal Halide, High-Pressure, Sodium Low-Pressure, and Sodium Mercury Vapor.
2013年6月10日星期一
Dimmable LED Bulbs | TOLOLEDCHINA.COM
Dimmable LED bulbs are available to buy online from Energy Bulbs. We offer a wide range of bulbs including light bulbs, day light bulb, dimmable light bulbs and more.
1:14PC SAMSUNG LEDS SMD2323 CHIP
2: CRI>80
3: Base: e26 e27 b22
CAN BE DO DIMMABLE.
1:14PC SAMSUNG LEDS SMD2323 CHIP
2: CRI>80
3: Base: e26 e27 b22
CAN BE DO DIMMABLE.
2013年6月7日星期五
LED Light bulb Dimming
Power consumption (W) 3
Luminous flux. (lm) 180-200
Luminout efficacy (lm/W) 60
Color temperature(K) 2700-6500
Input voltage (V/AC) AC85-265V
Beam angle (Degree) 360
Base E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Color Rendering Index (Ra) >80
Lamp color silver
Lifetime (hrs) 40000
Certificate CE RoHs FCC
Cover frosted glass
Weight (g) 50
Luminous flux. (lm) 180-200
Luminout efficacy (lm/W) 60
Color temperature(K) 2700-6500
Input voltage (V/AC) AC85-265V
Beam angle (Degree) 360
Base E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Color Rendering Index (Ra) >80
Lamp color silver
Lifetime (hrs) 40000
Certificate CE RoHs FCC
Cover frosted glass
Weight (g) 50
3 Watt LED Candle Bulb+Frosted Glass Cover
Power consumption (W) 3
Luminous flux. (lm) 180-200
Luminout efficacy (lm/W) 60
Color temperature(K) 2700-6500
Input voltage (V/AC) AC85-265V
Beam angle (Degree) 360
Base E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Color Rendering Index (Ra) >80
Lamp color silver
Lifetime (hrs) 40000
Certificate CE RoHs FCC
Cover frosted glass
Weight (g) 50
Luminous flux. (lm) 180-200
Luminout efficacy (lm/W) 60
Color temperature(K) 2700-6500
Input voltage (V/AC) AC85-265V
Beam angle (Degree) 360
Base E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Color Rendering Index (Ra) >80
Lamp color silver
Lifetime (hrs) 40000
Certificate CE RoHs FCC
Cover frosted glass
Weight (g) 50
2013年6月3日星期一
glass led candle bulb,Find glass led candle bulb Manufacturers
glass led candle bulb manufacturers and glass led candle bulb ...
Base:E27/E26 Professional Quality 3W LED Candle Light Features:
Base:E27/E26 Professional Quality 3W LED Candle Light Features:
2: TOLO lamp feature:
1) SAMSUNG LEDS 100% Original.
2) CRI>80 IC Isolated
power supply
3) DIMMABLE
4) Base: e12 e14 e17 e17 b26 e27 b22 b15
5) 360d Lighting
3: Quantity >100pcs, we can print your logo & info
on lamp body.
Quantity>1000pcs, we can
print your logo & info on PACKING.
LED Candle Light Bulbs - Dimmable LED Light Bulbs
LED Candle Light Bulbs - Dimmable LED Light Bulbs
Pure White Dimmable 5w c35 Led Candle Light Bulbs For LED CRYSTAL LIGHT，
TL-CN1-5WG
Description:
5w LED clear candle light is the hot selling product in the market. It was designed by our self and the lens has got the patent. It is the unique products in the market now. The clear cover design is similar with the traditional filament lamp and the big beam angle can enlarge the area of the lighting. The elegance design can match all the decoration style.
Pure White Dimmable 5w c35 Led Candle Light Bulbs For LED CRYSTAL LIGHT，
TL-CN1-5WG
Description:
5w LED clear candle light is the hot selling product in the market. It was designed by our self and the lens has got the patent. It is the unique products in the market now. The clear cover design is similar with the traditional filament lamp and the big beam angle can enlarge the area of the lighting. The elegance design can match all the decoration style.
LED candle bulbs Supplier
LED Candle Bulb 5w candle light-1-1-1 from China (mainland) is supplied by ☆ Manufacturer: TOLO LIGHTING Optoelectronic Co. Ltd on TOLOLEDCHINA.COM
LED candle bulbs Supplier，professional 3w,4w,5w,led candle bulbs, with SAMSUNG LEDS.
High CRI>80, CAN BE DO DIMMABLE.
Base have :E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B22 B15.
Do High-CRI LED Incandescent-Bulb Replacement
Most of the light bulb manufacturers have been introducing LED bulbs that closely resemble the traditional incandescent light bulb. Most home LED light bulbs are 2700 to 3000°K. (Or they are 5000°K for maximum efficiency.)
Since good LEDs from SAMSUNG are ~85 CRI for their warm whites this is not a problem for home lighting as long as you stay away from tololedchina.com
There you can choose 3Watts + 2700K SAMSUNG SMD5630 + CRI>80 led candle bulbs.
Specification:
Power consumption (W) 3
Luminous flux. (lm) 180-200
Luminout efficacy (lm/W) 60
Color temperature(K) 2700-6500
Input voltage (V/AC) AC85-265V
Beam angle (Degree) 360
Base E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Color Rendering Index (Ra) >80
Lamp color golden
Lifetime (hrs) 40000
Certificate CE RoHs FCC
Cover Clear glass
Weight (g) 50
Since good LEDs from SAMSUNG are ~85 CRI for their warm whites this is not a problem for home lighting as long as you stay away from tololedchina.com
There you can choose 3Watts + 2700K SAMSUNG SMD5630 + CRI>80 led candle bulbs.
Specification:
Power consumption (W) 3
Luminous flux. (lm) 180-200
Luminout efficacy (lm/W) 60
Color temperature(K) 2700-6500
Input voltage (V/AC) AC85-265V
Beam angle (Degree) 360
Base E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Color Rendering Index (Ra) >80
Lamp color golden
Lifetime (hrs) 40000
Certificate CE RoHs FCC
Cover Clear glass
Weight (g) 50
2013年5月28日星期二
HOT SALE!! 2Year Warranty With High Quality LED Bulb 3W + dimmable
Luminous flux. (lm) 300-320
Luminout efficacy (lm/W) 60
Color temperature(K) 2700-6500
Input voltage (V/AC) AC85-265V
Beam angle (Degree) 360
Base E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Color Rendering Index (Ra) >80
Lamp color silver
Lifetime (hrs) 40000
Certificate CE RoHs FCC
Cover Clear glass
Weight (g) 50
Discover more led candle bulb @TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co.,Ltd
Energy saving LED
Candle Bulbs comes in a variety of colors and styles, Buy LED Candle
Lights, Candle Light Bulbs for cheap Free Shipping at Tololedchina.com
2013年5月22日星期三
2013年5月20日星期一
TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co.,Ltd-特洛照明科技有限公司: TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co., Ltd (led candle ...
TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co.,Ltd-特洛照明科技有限公司: TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co., Ltd (led candle ...: Candle Our famous LED candle bulbs are especially designed for decorative lighting applications, TOLO LIGHTING’ LED Candle bulb range is a...
TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co., Ltd (led candle bulb manufacture!)
Candle
Our famous LED candle bulbs are especially designed for decorative lighting applications, TOLO LIGHTING’ LED Candle bulb range is an innovative take on the traditional candle-shaped light bulbs. Our LED Candle bulbs feature the classic aesthetic features of Candle Bulbs, but come with new technology makes them more energy efficient, long lasting and have unique features such as being dimmable, and more. These LED Candle bulbs come in a wide variety of finishes, including Opal, Clear, and Pearl. This wide range of LED Candle bulb comes with a 24 months warranty and in very low priced.
LED Candle Bulb | Tolo Lighting Manufacturer
Why LED Candle Light Bulbs are Better Than Incandescent Candle Light Bulb?
LED candle light is an ideal replacement for your existing candle light bulb and spot light. You can change out that high power incandescent or halogen energy with a LED candle bulb replacement or LED candle light that only uses a fraction of the energy than a traditional candle light bulb. A LED candle light can be used in an overhead ceiling light, fire place lights, in landscape lighting or general overhead illumination.
A range of LED candle light bulbs are available in a variety of color temperatures and caps. Some also produce a sparkling light effect making them ideal for lighting showrooms and retail applications. They can be direct replacements for incandescent and fluorescent candle lamps as they are suitable for many domestic and commercial applications. They are often used outdoors with a suitable weatherproof fitting and with their low energy consumption and long life (30000 or 50000 hours depending on the lamp) they are cost and energy efficient. They are available in many color temperatures such as warm white, white, cool white, blue, red, green and yellow.
In contrast, an incandescent lamp or light bulb is highly inefficient, as about 98% of the energy input is emitted as heat Incandescent lamps are relatively inexpensive to make. The typical lifespan of an incandescent lamp is around 1,000 hours. However , they work well with dimmers. Older light fixtures are designed for the size and shape of these traditional bulbs.
Fluorescent light bulbs work by passing electricity through mercury vapor, which in turn emits ultraviolet light. While the heat generated by a fluorescent lamp is much less than its incandescent counterpart, energy is still lost in generating the ultraviolet light and converting this light into visible light.. Linear fluorescent lamps are typically five to six times the cost of equivalent incandescent lamps but have life spans around 10,000 and 20,000 hours. Most fluorescent lamps are not compatible with dimmers.
One producer of candle bulbs, Viribright, a subsidiary of Matrix Holdings Limited is a well established LED lighting company and has been in light manufacturing since 1979. Being the first LED lightning company listed on the Hong Kong Limited Stock Exchange since 1994. Matrix Holdings Ltd. has factories in China and Vietnam with a total of over 20,000 employees worldwide.
tolo lighting concentrates its business on the development of lighting design and LED lighting manufacturing. Matrix Lighting has a development team of 150 staff members on research and development of drivers, heat management, optics, mechanical and LED lighting design for displays. The mission is to be innovative through new LED lightning designs and to produce the highest quality products at incredible value.
LED candle light is an ideal replacement for your existing candle light bulb and spot light. You can change out that high power incandescent or halogen energy with a LED candle bulb replacement or LED candle light that only uses a fraction of the energy than a traditional candle light bulb. A LED candle light can be used in an overhead ceiling light, fire place lights, in landscape lighting or general overhead illumination.
A range of LED candle light bulbs are available in a variety of color temperatures and caps. Some also produce a sparkling light effect making them ideal for lighting showrooms and retail applications. They can be direct replacements for incandescent and fluorescent candle lamps as they are suitable for many domestic and commercial applications. They are often used outdoors with a suitable weatherproof fitting and with their low energy consumption and long life (30000 or 50000 hours depending on the lamp) they are cost and energy efficient. They are available in many color temperatures such as warm white, white, cool white, blue, red, green and yellow.
In contrast, an incandescent lamp or light bulb is highly inefficient, as about 98% of the energy input is emitted as heat Incandescent lamps are relatively inexpensive to make. The typical lifespan of an incandescent lamp is around 1,000 hours. However , they work well with dimmers. Older light fixtures are designed for the size and shape of these traditional bulbs.
Fluorescent light bulbs work by passing electricity through mercury vapor, which in turn emits ultraviolet light. While the heat generated by a fluorescent lamp is much less than its incandescent counterpart, energy is still lost in generating the ultraviolet light and converting this light into visible light.. Linear fluorescent lamps are typically five to six times the cost of equivalent incandescent lamps but have life spans around 10,000 and 20,000 hours. Most fluorescent lamps are not compatible with dimmers.
One producer of candle bulbs, Viribright, a subsidiary of Matrix Holdings Limited is a well established LED lighting company and has been in light manufacturing since 1979. Being the first LED lightning company listed on the Hong Kong Limited Stock Exchange since 1994. Matrix Holdings Ltd. has factories in China and Vietnam with a total of over 20,000 employees worldwide.
tolo lighting concentrates its business on the development of lighting design and LED lighting manufacturing. Matrix Lighting has a development team of 150 staff members on research and development of drivers, heat management, optics, mechanical and LED lighting design for displays. The mission is to be innovative through new LED lightning designs and to produce the highest quality products at incredible value.
2013年5月6日星期一
WHICH WHITE IS RIGHT? （how to choose LED COLOR?)
WHICH WHITE IS RIGHT?
Published by admin on Tue, 05/19/2009 - 17:31
Most people tend to prefer 'warm white' light. In fact, we have been conditioned to find warm appearing lamps 'normal' at low lighting levels, since it mimics the colour of fire which we have used as a light source for thousands of years.
Cool White is generally the preferred colour for work areas and offices, while daylight is used in some shops and areas where a blue/white light is preferred.
Although different bulb suppliers describe the light colour in different ways, the colour temperature marked on the pack is the best guide to the colour of light you’ll receive. 'Warm white' is often used to describe 2700K or 3000K , 'cool white' equates to 4000K and daylight colours will be marked at around 6000K or higher.
Why is “colour temperature” important?
Colour temperature of light sources is measured in kelvin (symbol: K).
While this may not have been important to know when the only light bulbs available for your home were standard incandescent and they all came in one standard colour of “warm white” (or 2700K), new technologies now provide you a choice of colours. So it’s important to choose the right colour to get the look you want. Different colour temperatures are useful for different lighting purposes.
Choosing the right light colour isn’t difficult. It’s just a case of understanding the different colours available and matching the right bulb to the right application.
'Warm White' (2700K – 3000K)
This white gives off yellowish light that helps enrich the warm colours in your home, like wood. They are more suitable for lounges, hallways and bedrooms – areas where people relax. “Warm white” is the same colour temperature as the standard inefficient incandescent bulbs.
'Cool White' (4000K)
'Cool White' looks crisper under higher colour temperatures and appears more 'normal' in high lighting level situations. As a matter of fact, 'cool white' gives off a bluer light that improves our ability to see contrasts, making it ideal for work areas such as kitchens, laundries, workshops and offices (not to mention being great for reading lamps).
Daylight (6000K and above)
Daylight lamps appear to be cooler or ‘bluer’ than ‘normal’ lamps and are generally used for special applications only. These might be areas where high quality colour rendition is required where they may be mixed with a warm white lamp for this purpose, They may be used on their own such as in shop lighting when special effects are required or a ‘cool’ appearance is required in places of entertainment.
Choose the bulb type to match the white you want
A standard incandescent bulb has a slightly yellowish 'warm' white light (2700K), while halogens are 'whiter' at about 3100K.
With both of these bulb types you 'get what you get' in terms of whiteness. But with LEDs and fluorescents (both linear fluorescent tube and CFL) you have a wide choice of colour temperatures to choose from.
The bulb colour should be clearly labelled on the packaging and it is makes it important to check this when choosing the best bulb for your needs (if you purchase a 6000K ‘daylight’ bulb in your lounge, it’s unlikely to remain a space to relax in).
The choices, from ‘warm’ to ‘cool’ are typically: 2700K (warmest), 3000K, 3500K, 4000K, 5000K, 6000K and 6500K and above (coolest).
Accurate colour rendering
Colour rendering is a measure of the ability of a light source to reproduce the colours of various objects faithfully in comparison with an ideal or natural light source. The general colour rendering index (Ra) rates colour rendering out of 100. The higher the index, the better the colour rendering and different light sources have different colour rendering characteristics.
New generation halogen bulbs and halogen spot lights (also known as tungsten halogen bulbs) and traditional incandescent bulbs produce light by having their filament heated. Because they produce all wavelengths of the spectrum, they have a colour rendering of Ra100 (which, in plain English, makes them the best lights you can use to see all colours accurately).
5w + + Dimmen führte Kerzebirne 360d
5 Watt - LED Bulbs / Light Bulbs: Lamps & Light Fixtures
Spezifikation:
Leistungsaufnahme (W) 5
Lichtstrom. (lm) 300-320
Luminout Wirksamkeit (lm / W) 60
Farbtemperatur (K) 2700-6500
Eingangsspannung (V / AC) AC85-265V
Abstrahlwinkel (Grad) 360
Basis E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Farbwiedergabeindex (Ra)> 80
Lamp Farbe silber
Lebensdauer (Stunden) 40000
Zertifikat CE RoHs FCC
Abdeckung Klarglas
Gewicht (g) 50
TOLO Led Candle Lampen zeichnen sich durch:
· Original Samsung Chips
· CRI> 80 IC Isolierte Stromversorgung
· Kann DIMMABLE
· Sparen Sie bis zu 80% Energie
· 360d Lighting
· Leichtes und kompaktes Design
· Blisterverpackung
2013年5月4日星期六
LED Candelabra Bulb
Information on LED Lighting Products
Information on LED Lighting Products
The LED Light Bulb saves 90% energy, LED lights last longer up to 60,000 hours, LEDs are cool to touch, LED Bulbs are unbreakable, and LED Lighting saves time, money and the environment.
Using a 3 Watt LED Light versus a 60 light bulb will save you $405.01 Per LED Bulb at 11¢ per kWh/60000hrs.Most of the LED Lights sold by LEDLight.com are CE and/or UL listed.
If every U.S. household replaced just one standard 60 watt bulb with a LED Light bulb it could save 24,184.4 mega (million) watts per day.
LED Lighting Life Span and Energy Usage Beneficiaries Vs. Incandescent Lights
The LED Light Bulb saves 90% energy, LED lights last longer up to 60,000 hours, LEDs are cool to touch, LED Bulbs are unbreakable, and LED Lighting saves time, money and the environment.
Using a 3 Watt LED Light versus a 60 light bulb will save you $405.01 Per LED Bulb at 11¢ per kWh/60000hrs.Most of the LED Lights sold by LEDLight.com are CE and/or UL listed.
If every U.S. household replaced just one standard 60 watt bulb with a LED Light bulb it could save 24,184.4 mega (million) watts per day.
2013年4月28日星期日
圆明园十二生肖兽首铜像
圆明园十二生肖兽首铜像，又称为圆明
园兽首、圆明园红铜兽首及圆明园兽首铜像等，原来是清朝皇家园林圆明园海晏堂前喷水池的一部分，由意大利籍的清朝宫廷画家郎世宁设计，由法国人蒋友仁监督
修建，由清朝宫廷匠师制作。该喷水池称为水力钟和十二生肖报时喷泉，十二生肖形象的12件兽首人身像以八字形分列在喷水池两旁，南边为子鼠、寅虎、辰龙、
午马、申猴及戌狗，北边为丑牛、卯兔、巳蛇、未羊、酉鸡及亥猪。十二生肖铜像每日都会依次序轮流喷水，每到一个时辰，相应的兽首铜像口中就会喷水达两小
时。正午十二时时，十二生肖兽首铜像则会同时喷水。
说到底，所谓兽首就是大清的统治者找外国人设计定制并在兲朝OEM的一套属于皇家的观赏玩意。
当年的屁民无资格观赏，今天的屁民或许掏钱能看两眼。但是，一百多年过去了，有一样东西没有改变：屁民依旧还是屁民。
作为屁民，今天因为所谓兽首又能欢呼雀跃意淫高潮的，那就又是再傻逼了。
说到底，所谓兽首就是大清的统治者找外国人设计定制并在兲朝OEM的一套属于皇家的观赏玩意。
当年的屁民无资格观赏，今天的屁民或许掏钱能看两眼。但是，一百多年过去了，有一样东西没有改变：屁民依旧还是屁民。
作为屁民，今天因为所谓兽首又能欢呼雀跃意淫高潮的，那就又是再傻逼了。
实用28招 让身边人更喜欢你
活里，每个人都希望身边的人更喜欢自己。你是不是走到哪里都是人缘欠佳，你是否还在为如何得到别人的喜爱和肯定而烦恼？如何能让身边的人更喜欢你呢？那么，就让我们一起学习，下面最实用的28招吧！
1.永远记住：长相不会令人讨厌，只有愚蠢，虚伪，不礼貌，自以为是，狂妄自大，说大话，不办实事的人才是最令人厌恶的。
2.气质是关键。如果时尚学不好，宁愿纯朴。
3.与人握手时，可多握一会儿。他会体会到你的真诚。
4.与别人交谈时，笑容是杀伤性最强的一种秘密武器。你的微笑会让对方放松戒备，很快与你成为无话不谈的好朋友。
5.不要没事发脾气，生活不是电视剧。
6.少在别人面前抱怨“好无聊啊”，你越说无聊，别人越觉得你无聊。
7.与人打车时，请抢先坐在司机旁。
8.有人在你面前说某人坏话时，你只微笑。
9.自己开小车，不要特地停下来和一个骑自行车的同事打招呼。人家会以为你在炫耀。
10.同事生病时，去探望他。很自然地坐在他病床上。
11.不要把过去的事全让人知道，也不要把自己弄的像白纸一样。
12.尊敬不喜欢你的人。
13.别人批评你的时侯，一定让他把话说完，即使你是对的。如果你选择争辩，那你的麻烦就大了去了。
14.尊重批评你的人，因为他们才能让你真正意义上的进步。
15.自我批评总能让人相信，自我表扬则不然。
16.没有什么东西比围观者们更能提高你的保龄球的成绩了。所以，平常不要吝惜你的喝彩声。
17.不要把别人的好，视为理所当然，要知道感恩。谁出生都不是为了侍侯你而出生的，即便他是保姆。
18.榕树上的“八哥”在讲，只讲不听，结果乱成一团。学会聆听。听明白了再说，而且要抓住重点的说，那么你就是超一流的谈判专家。
19.尊重传达室里的师傅及搞卫生的阿姨，把拉圾扔到拉圾桶，在公交车上给老人让座，这些小事却能很大程度上增加你的魅力。
20.说话的时候记得常用“我们”开头，会拉近彼此之间距离。
21.为每一位上台唱歌的人鼓掌，他会对你有份特别感动。
22.有时要明知故问：你的钻戒很贵吧！有时：即使想问也不能问，比如：你的工资是多少？
23.话多必失，人多的场合少说话。
24.把未出口的“不”改成：“这需要时间”“我尽力”“我不确定”“当我决定后，会给你打电话”这是种成熟的表现。
25.不要期望所有人都喜欢你，那是不可能的，让大多数人喜欢就是成功的表现。
26.当然，自己要喜欢自己。
27.如果你在表演或者是讲演的时候，如果只要有一个人在听也要用心的继续下去，即使没有人喝采也要演，因为这是你成功的道路，是你成功的摇篮，你不是让观众成功，而是要你自己成功。
28.坚持在背后说别人好话，别担心这好话传不到当事人耳朵里。
1.永远记住：长相不会令人讨厌，只有愚蠢，虚伪，不礼貌，自以为是，狂妄自大，说大话，不办实事的人才是最令人厌恶的。
2.气质是关键。如果时尚学不好，宁愿纯朴。
3.与人握手时，可多握一会儿。他会体会到你的真诚。
4.与别人交谈时，笑容是杀伤性最强的一种秘密武器。你的微笑会让对方放松戒备，很快与你成为无话不谈的好朋友。
5.不要没事发脾气，生活不是电视剧。
6.少在别人面前抱怨“好无聊啊”，你越说无聊，别人越觉得你无聊。
7.与人打车时，请抢先坐在司机旁。
8.有人在你面前说某人坏话时，你只微笑。
9.自己开小车，不要特地停下来和一个骑自行车的同事打招呼。人家会以为你在炫耀。
10.同事生病时，去探望他。很自然地坐在他病床上。
11.不要把过去的事全让人知道，也不要把自己弄的像白纸一样。
12.尊敬不喜欢你的人。
13.别人批评你的时侯，一定让他把话说完，即使你是对的。如果你选择争辩，那你的麻烦就大了去了。
14.尊重批评你的人，因为他们才能让你真正意义上的进步。
15.自我批评总能让人相信，自我表扬则不然。
16.没有什么东西比围观者们更能提高你的保龄球的成绩了。所以，平常不要吝惜你的喝彩声。
17.不要把别人的好，视为理所当然，要知道感恩。谁出生都不是为了侍侯你而出生的，即便他是保姆。
18.榕树上的“八哥”在讲，只讲不听，结果乱成一团。学会聆听。听明白了再说，而且要抓住重点的说，那么你就是超一流的谈判专家。
19.尊重传达室里的师傅及搞卫生的阿姨，把拉圾扔到拉圾桶，在公交车上给老人让座，这些小事却能很大程度上增加你的魅力。
20.说话的时候记得常用“我们”开头，会拉近彼此之间距离。
21.为每一位上台唱歌的人鼓掌，他会对你有份特别感动。
22.有时要明知故问：你的钻戒很贵吧！有时：即使想问也不能问，比如：你的工资是多少？
23.话多必失，人多的场合少说话。
24.把未出口的“不”改成：“这需要时间”“我尽力”“我不确定”“当我决定后，会给你打电话”这是种成熟的表现。
25.不要期望所有人都喜欢你，那是不可能的，让大多数人喜欢就是成功的表现。
26.当然，自己要喜欢自己。
27.如果你在表演或者是讲演的时候，如果只要有一个人在听也要用心的继续下去，即使没有人喝采也要演，因为这是你成功的道路，是你成功的摇篮，你不是让观众成功，而是要你自己成功。
28.坚持在背后说别人好话，别担心这好话传不到当事人耳朵里。
4W LED Candle Bulb
Products Features :
High luminous efficiency 4W LED candle bulb.
Material: Aluminum body + Glass cover.
Special optical design improve luminous efficiency.
Equivalent to 35W incandescent bulb.
Unique heat dissipation structure design with good heat conductivity aluminum body ensures stable performance and long life span.
Energy saving with only 20% power consumption of incandescent bulb and 30% of CFLs.
Without hydrargyrum and UV free.
CE & RoHS & FCC approval.
Application Environment :
Suitable to used at home, hotel, exhibition hall, resturant, shops ect.
Candle
Our famous LED candle bulbs are especially designed for decorative lighting applications, Tolo lighting LED Candle bulb range is an innovative take on the traditional candle-shaped light bulbs. Our LED Candle bulbs feature the classic aesthetic features of Candle Bulbs, but come with new technology makes them more energy efficient, long lasting and have unique features such as being dimmable, and more. These LED Candle bulbs come in a wide variety of finishes, including Opal, Clear, and Pearl. This wide range of LED Candle bulb comes with a 24 months warranty and in very low priced.
3 Watt - B22/B15/E12/E17/E14/E27 LED Candle SAMSUNG Bulb
Luminous flux. (lm) 180-200
Luminout efficacy (lm/W) 60
Color temperature(K) 2700-6500
Input voltage (V/AC) AC85-265V
Beam angle (Degree) 360
Base E12 E14 E17 E26 E27 B15 B22
Color Rendering Index (Ra) >80
Lamp color silve golden
Lifetime (hrs) 40000
Certificate CE RoHs FCC
Weight (g) 50
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
These Stylish Dimmable Compatible B22 Candle LED light bulbs are a wise addition to any home!
Each bulb features three high power 1 watt LED's which equates to a 40watt equivalent bulb.
We have these bulbs avaliable in clear glass and frosted glass, Just select your required bulbs from the drop down above.
All our bulbs are made from aluminium or have aluminium heat sinks, this keeps the bulbs at the correct temperature to ensure there life span.
Many LED lights simply do not deliver. They say they will last 50,000 hours, but they fizz out after less than 10,000 hours. They say they are ‘super bright’ but they are dim compared to the halogens they replace.
LED Hut is a brand you can trust, with years of lighting experience, we invest heavily in quality control and sourcing the best component parts. We pride ourselves on quality and innovation, offering a comprehensive 2-year warranty and 14-day money back guarantee on all our LED bulbs, to make sure you are 100% satisfied with your purchase.
Simple to install just un-screw the old one and screw in the new one. The cost saving and environment saving by using LED lights are massive they may be more expensive to purchase than a standard bulb but they use 10 times less power and save the environment at the same time.
All orders at LED HUT have a 14-day money back guarantee and 5-year warranty our bulbs are made from the best quality components so we can give the longest warranty on the market.
PLEASE REMEMBER:
If you require your bulbs to be dimmable just select the appropriate option in the drop-down menu above. Please note there is an additional charge for this option due to the difference in the technology required.
The dimmable LED bulbs are only compatible with a specialized “Trailing edge” dimmer switch that reduces the current flow. Your bulbs will not work effectively if used with the conventional “Leading edge” dimmer switches that operate with a higher current flow.
Swapping your existing bulbs to LED lights will not only increase your bank balance but it will also help save our planet by reducing your carbon footprint.
Take advantage of our bulk buy and save, if you need any advice please call our experienced customer service team or send us an email
WE OPERATE A SIGNED FOR DELIVERY SERVICE TO THE UK AND PROVIDE TRACKING NUMBERS WITH EVERY ORDER
See the complete range of LED Light Bulbs in stock for immediate delivery.
Why LED Candle Light Bulbs are Better Than Incandescent Candle Light Bulb?
LED candle light is an ideal replacement for your existing candle light bulb and spot light. You can change out that high power incandescent or halogen energy with a LED candle bulb replacement or LED candle light that only uses a fraction of the energy than a traditional candle light bulb. A LED candle light can be used in an overhead ceiling light, fire place lights, in landscape lighting or general overhead illumination.
A range of LED candle light bulbs are available in a variety of color temperatures and caps. Some also produce a sparkling light effect making them ideal for lighting showrooms and retail applications. They can be direct replacements for incandescent and fluorescent candle lamps as they are suitable for many domestic and commercial applications. They are often used outdoors with a suitable weatherproof fitting and with their low energy consumption and long life (30000 or 50000 hours depending on the lamp) they are cost and energy efficient. They are available in many color temperatures such as warm white, white, cool white, blue, red, green and yellow.
In contrast, an incandescent lamp or light bulb is highly inefficient, as about 98% of the energy input is emitted as heat Incandescent lamps are relatively inexpensive to make. The typical lifespan of an incandescent lamp is around 1,000 hours. However , they work well with dimmers. Older light fixtures are designed for the size and shape of these traditional bulbs.
Fluorescent light bulbs work by passing electricity through mercury vapor, which in turn emits ultraviolet light. While the heat generated by a fluorescent lamp is much less than its incandescent counterpart, energy is still lost in generating the ultraviolet light and converting this light into visible light.. Linear fluorescent lamps are typically five to six times the cost of equivalent incandescent lamps but have life spans around 10,000 and 20,000 hours. Most fluorescent lamps are not compatible with dimmers.
One producer of candle bulbs, Viribright, a subsidiary of Matrix Holdings Limited is a well established LED lighting company and has been in light manufacturing since 1979. Being the first LED lightning company listed on the Hong Kong Limited Stock Exchange since 1994. Matrix Holdings Ltd. has factories in China and Vietnam with a total of over 20,000 employees worldwide.
TOLO Lighting Inc. concentrates its business on the development of lighting design and LED lighting manufacturing. Matrix Lighting has a development team of 150 staff members on research and development of drivers, heat management, optics, mechanical and LED lighting design for displays. The mission is to be innovative through new LED lightning designs and to produce the highest quality products at incredible value.
A range of LED candle light bulbs are available in a variety of color temperatures and caps. Some also produce a sparkling light effect making them ideal for lighting showrooms and retail applications. They can be direct replacements for incandescent and fluorescent candle lamps as they are suitable for many domestic and commercial applications. They are often used outdoors with a suitable weatherproof fitting and with their low energy consumption and long life (30000 or 50000 hours depending on the lamp) they are cost and energy efficient. They are available in many color temperatures such as warm white, white, cool white, blue, red, green and yellow.
In contrast, an incandescent lamp or light bulb is highly inefficient, as about 98% of the energy input is emitted as heat Incandescent lamps are relatively inexpensive to make. The typical lifespan of an incandescent lamp is around 1,000 hours. However , they work well with dimmers. Older light fixtures are designed for the size and shape of these traditional bulbs.
Fluorescent light bulbs work by passing electricity through mercury vapor, which in turn emits ultraviolet light. While the heat generated by a fluorescent lamp is much less than its incandescent counterpart, energy is still lost in generating the ultraviolet light and converting this light into visible light.. Linear fluorescent lamps are typically five to six times the cost of equivalent incandescent lamps but have life spans around 10,000 and 20,000 hours. Most fluorescent lamps are not compatible with dimmers.
One producer of candle bulbs, Viribright, a subsidiary of Matrix Holdings Limited is a well established LED lighting company and has been in light manufacturing since 1979. Being the first LED lightning company listed on the Hong Kong Limited Stock Exchange since 1994. Matrix Holdings Ltd. has factories in China and Vietnam with a total of over 20,000 employees worldwide.
2013年4月26日星期五
探索LED照明细分市场：LED蜡烛灯前景巨大
OFweek半导体照明网讯—2014年全球传统的蜡烛灯将走入历史，LED厂积极抢夺新市场，晶电已研发出新技术取代传统的蜡烛灯； 特洛照明科技有限公司也接获LED蜡烛灯的新订单，并由韩国三星供应LED芯片；新产品则打入欧美市场供应链。
特洛照明科技有限公司表示，2014年全球要停产传统40W(瓦)的蜡烛灯，目前LED蜡烛灯一个要3至4美元，若以原本市场年需求1亿颗推算，未来LED蜡烛灯每年的规模将达3至4亿美元(约新台币90至120亿元)。
LED蜡烛灯的灯丝，一颗只要2W，可大量节能，已接获不少订单希望今年至少有5亿元出货；以单一品项接单而言，算是不错。
LED应用照明时，有二种灯会被快速取代，一是MR16，另一个就是传统蜡烛灯；尤其是蜡烛灯，预估今年的取代率可能达三成，而明年的取代效应会更大。
特洛照明科技有限公司表示，2014年全球要停产传统40W(瓦)的蜡烛灯，目前LED蜡烛灯一个要3至4美元，若以原本市场年需求1亿颗推算，未来LED蜡烛灯每年的规模将达3至4亿美元(约新台币90至120亿元)。
LED蜡烛灯的灯丝，一颗只要2W，可大量节能，已接获不少订单希望今年至少有5亿元出货；以单一品项接单而言，算是不错。
LED应用照明时，有二种灯会被快速取代，一是MR16，另一个就是传统蜡烛灯；尤其是蜡烛灯，预估今年的取代率可能达三成，而明年的取代效应会更大。
TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co.,Ltd-特洛照明科技有限公司: 为什么美元升值会促使黄金价格下跌？
TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co.,Ltd-特洛照明科技有限公司: 为什么美元升值会促使黄金价格下跌？: 黄金与美元的负相关性很高，由于金属的内在价值不变，从而具有一定的保值功能，而大宗商品都是以美元定价的，若美元升值，每一单位美元就可以购买更多黄金，相对来说，黄金就跌价。 黄金具有货币与商品双重属性。 1）从商品属性出发，抛开其他因素的影响，当美元涨了，因为黄金也是...
TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co.,Ltd-特洛照明科技有限公司: 美元贬值致出口钱难赚，外贸鞋企压力大欲转市场
TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co.,Ltd-特洛照明科技有限公司: 美元贬值致出口钱难赚，外贸鞋企压力大欲转市场: 随着外贸生意越来越难做，很多原本做外贸的企业纷纷调整市场战略，转战国内市场。位于泽国牧屿的台州喜莱盛鞋业有限公司原本全部做出口，但今年却开始尝试部分转内销。副总经理盛建云说：“现在形势多变，我们都求稳了，只做老客户的生意，不再轻易拓展新客户。出口赚钱越来越难了，美元一直在贬值，收...
美元贬值致出口钱难赚，外贸鞋企压力大欲转市场
随着外贸生意越来越难做，很多原本做外贸的企业纷纷调整市场战略，转战国内市场。位于泽国牧屿的台州喜莱盛鞋业有限公司原本全部做出口，但今年却开始尝试部分转内销。副总经理盛建云说：“现在形势多变，我们都求稳了，只做老客户的生意，不再轻易拓展新客户。出口赚钱越来越难了，美元一直在贬值，收到的货款老是缩水。现在做内销的环境已大为改观了：以前三角债纠缠，现在则是先收现金再生产。目前我们已有三成转做内销，如果明年出口形势还是这么严峻的话，内销比例将继续增加，计划达到内销七成、出口三成的比例。当然，我们不会放弃做出口，要学会‘两条腿走路’，这样风险会更小些。”
相对于竞争十分激烈的成人鞋市场来说，国内童鞋市场竞争压力相对较弱。据有关统计显示，中国目前16岁以下的儿童约占总人口的四分之一，而且每年大约有2800万新生儿降生。如果这个年龄段的儿童每人每年平均消费4双鞋，全国每年童鞋的消费量将近16亿双，市场发展潜力巨大。近几年来，以城北街道为集聚地的温岭童鞋企业凭借着质优价廉的产品优势异军突起，在国内二、三线城市攻城略地，遍地开花，大有星火燎原之势。台州福德隆鞋业的童鞋批发形象专卖店在全国范围内就铺设了30多家。
调查表明，温岭市6000多家鞋业企业中占92%的小企业因为市场结构单一，资金周转困难，抗风险能力差，导致规模下小企业大量关闭停产，行业洗牌明显加快。一些实力强的鞋企则抓住金融危机所带来的行业洗牌的机遇，一方面通过吸引来自广州、晋江、温州等地的熟练工和管理人才来提高企业的生产效率，另一方面为应对市场对产品的更高要求而努力提升产品档次和质量，塑造自己的品牌。以福德隆、飞鹰、青苹果、必克鞋业为代表的中生代鞋企均进行了品牌建设规划，斥巨资请形象代言人，举办新品订货会，合理安排生产，成为中低档鞋类消费市场的引导者。
通胀带来的高成本压力，是一场灾难，更是一次机遇，它预示着全新的竞争模式和格局正在形成。作为鞋企，必须去主动适应，实施一场包括品牌建设在内的变革。要加大产品的开发力度，不断采用新工艺、新材料、新设备，努力铸造具有企业个性的产品品牌;同时，要强化质量意识，严格按照国家行业质量标准或国际标准来组织生产。
相对于竞争十分激烈的成人鞋市场来说，国内童鞋市场竞争压力相对较弱。据有关统计显示，中国目前16岁以下的儿童约占总人口的四分之一，而且每年大约有2800万新生儿降生。如果这个年龄段的儿童每人每年平均消费4双鞋，全国每年童鞋的消费量将近16亿双，市场发展潜力巨大。近几年来，以城北街道为集聚地的温岭童鞋企业凭借着质优价廉的产品优势异军突起，在国内二、三线城市攻城略地，遍地开花，大有星火燎原之势。台州福德隆鞋业的童鞋批发形象专卖店在全国范围内就铺设了30多家。
调查表明，温岭市6000多家鞋业企业中占92%的小企业因为市场结构单一，资金周转困难，抗风险能力差，导致规模下小企业大量关闭停产，行业洗牌明显加快。一些实力强的鞋企则抓住金融危机所带来的行业洗牌的机遇，一方面通过吸引来自广州、晋江、温州等地的熟练工和管理人才来提高企业的生产效率，另一方面为应对市场对产品的更高要求而努力提升产品档次和质量，塑造自己的品牌。以福德隆、飞鹰、青苹果、必克鞋业为代表的中生代鞋企均进行了品牌建设规划，斥巨资请形象代言人，举办新品订货会，合理安排生产，成为中低档鞋类消费市场的引导者。
通胀带来的高成本压力，是一场灾难，更是一次机遇，它预示着全新的竞争模式和格局正在形成。作为鞋企，必须去主动适应，实施一场包括品牌建设在内的变革。要加大产品的开发力度，不断采用新工艺、新材料、新设备，努力铸造具有企业个性的产品品牌;同时，要强化质量意识，严格按照国家行业质量标准或国际标准来组织生产。
为什么美元升值会促使黄金价格下跌？
黄金与美元的负相关性很高，由于金属的内在价值不变，从而具有一定的保值功能，而大宗商品都是以美元定价的，若美元升值，每一单位美元就可以购买更多黄金，相对来说，黄金就跌价。
黄金具有货币与商品双重属性。
1）从商品属性出发，抛开其他因素的影响，当美元涨了，因为黄金也是用美元计价的，黄金会跌。
2）从货币属性出发，黄金可以说是货币之王，只要全球出现大规模的经济危机，作为世界上最安全的货币，黄金马上会受到全世界投资者的追捧，不管美元是增值还是贬值，黄金价格会节节走高。
如果对现货黄金交易感兴趣，建议你可以直接下载一个免费的模拟交易软件，尝试24小时在线双向交易，等熟练之后再入资真实交易。
黄金具有货币与商品双重属性。
1）从商品属性出发，抛开其他因素的影响，当美元涨了，因为黄金也是用美元计价的，黄金会跌。
2）从货币属性出发，黄金可以说是货币之王，只要全球出现大规模的经济危机，作为世界上最安全的货币，黄金马上会受到全世界投资者的追捧，不管美元是增值还是贬值，黄金价格会节节走高。
如果对现货黄金交易感兴趣，建议你可以直接下载一个免费的模拟交易软件，尝试24小时在线双向交易，等熟练之后再入资真实交易。
B15 LED Bulb
Discover more led
candle bulb @TOLO Lighting Optic Electric Co.,Ltd
TOLO lamp feature:
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SAMSUNG LEDS 100% Original.
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CRI>80 IC Isolated power supply
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Can be DIMMABLE
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Base: e12 e17 e17 b26 e27 b22 b15
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E14 Led Candle Bulb with dimmable
good quality E14 Led Candle Bulb on sales from E14 Led Candle Bulb - China good quality E14 Led Candle Bulb exporters helps buyers finding China E14 Led candel bulbs.
TOLO lamp feature:
1)
SAMSUNG LEDS 100% Original.
2)
CRI>80 IC Isolated power supply
3)
Can be DIMMABLE
4)
Base: e12 e17 e17 b26 e27 b22 b15
5)
360d Lighting
samsung leds 7W dimmable led globe bulb
>Can replace the conventional incandescent lamp, soft light
>The power is 7W, equivalent to a 60W conventional
>CRI>80
>Low heat, No UV, No IR.
>Life Span: 40,000 hours
>Material: Aluminum (white paint)+PC(Top)
>Working Voltage: AC100-240V/50-60Hz;AC/DC12V
>Base: E26/E27/B22
>Certification: CE, RoHS
>Dimmable
MG-B7W is powered by Samsung LED chip 5630 which makes beautiful white and warm white. It is an exceptionally high performance LED lamp built to last.Super high lumen output (600lm cool white, 500lm warm white)
Widely used in the hotel, meeting room,offices , hospital , schools , factories ,commercial lighting , shopping malls, supermarkets,kitchen,diaplay,backlight,home indoor lighting and so on.
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